Common ENT Questions
Clear answers to questions commonly encountered in clinical ENT practice, based on specialist experience in voice, airway, head & neck and minimally invasive ENT surgery.
Voice & Laryngology
Why is my voice constantly hoarse?
Persistent hoarseness can result from conditions such as vocal nodules, reflux, or muscle tension dysphonia. Assessment with laryngoscopy helps determine the underlying cause.
Why hasn’t voice training changed my pitch?
Voice training can improve resonance and control, but may have limitations where structural factors are involved. In such cases, further assessment may be required.
Can my voice be made deeper permanently?
In selected cases, surgical procedures such as Type III thyroplasty can lower vocal pitch by modifying laryngeal structure.
Why hasn’t my voice deepened despite testosterone?
While testosterone often lowers pitch, the response is variable. In some cases, structural factors within the larynx limit the degree of change.
What is voice masculinisation surgery?
Voice masculinisation surgery, such as Type III thyroplasty, lowers vocal pitch by reducing tension within the vocal cords.
Who is suitable for voice deepening surgery?
This may be considered in individuals with persistent concerns despite voice training or hormonal treatment.
Will my voice sound natural after surgery?
The aim is a stable, natural voice rather than simply a lower pitch.
Salivary Gland Conditions
Why does my gland swell when I eat?
Swelling during meals is often due to a blockage in the salivary duct, such as a stone or narrowing, preventing saliva from draining properly.
Can salivary gland stones be treated without removing the gland?
In many cases, yes. Minimally invasive techniques such as sialendoscopy allow treatment of stones, sludge and duct narrowing while preserving the gland.
Hearing Concerns
Why is my hearing muffled after a cold or flight?
This is often due to Eustachian tube dysfunction causing fluid build-up behind the eardrum. If symptoms persist, assessment is recommended.
What should I do if I suddenly lose hearing in one ear?
Sudden hearing loss should be assessed promptly, as early evaluation may influence treatment and outcome.
Thyroid & Parathyroid
When should a thyroid nodule be investigated?
Thyroid nodules are common and often benign, but assessment is recommended if they are enlarging or symptomatic.
Do all thyroid nodules require surgery?
No. Many can be monitored. Surgery is considered where there are concerning features or symptoms.
Can thyroid surgery be minimally invasive?
In selected cases, targeted or minimally invasive approaches may be appropriate.
What are the risks of thyroid surgery?
Risks include effects on the voice and calcium levels, although these are uncommon with careful technique.
Laryngeal & Head & Neck Conditions
When should persistent hoarseness be investigated?
Hoarseness lasting more than a few weeks should be assessed.
What are the early signs of laryngeal cancer?
Persistent hoarseness, swallowing difficulty, or throat discomfort may require evaluation.
How is laryngeal cancer diagnosed?
Diagnosis involves endoscopic examination and, where necessary, imaging and biopsy.
Snoring & Sleep Apnoea
When is snoring a medical concern?
Snoring becomes significant when associated with disrupted sleep or breathing pauses.
What is sleep apnoea?
Sleep apnoea is a condition where breathing repeatedly stops during sleep due to airway obstruction.
Do I need surgery for snoring or sleep apnoea?
Not all patients require surgery. Treatment depends on cause and severity.
Tonsils & Throat
Do I need my tonsils removed for tonsil stones?
Not always. In selected cases, procedures such as laser resurfacing can reduce tonsil crypts and improve symptoms without full removal.
When should I consider a tonsillectomy?
Tonsillectomy may be considered for recurrent infections or obstructive symptoms, depending on severity and clinical assessment.
If you have persistent or concerning symptoms, a specialist ENT assessment can help determine the most appropriate next step.
If you have persistent or concerning symptoms, a specialist ENT assessment can help determine the most appropriate next step.